A. abuse causes post-traumatic stress and thus a need to re- enact the experience B. if a mother has been abused this increases the risk of a child’s potential for being an abuser in the future C. physically abused children tend to commit physically violent offences whereas sexually abused children tend to commit sexually violent … Read more
A. When moral issues are related to crime the differences between male delinquents and male non- delinquents are their greatest B. Male delinquents are typically at Kohlberg’s pre- conventional level compare to male non- delinquents C. Offenders were typically at Kohlberg’s conventional level of moral reasoning, i.e. obtaining social approval compared non- offenders D. Non-offenders … Read more
A. Early childhood conduct disorder B. Those factors which predict non- sexual delinquency such as low family income, poor accommodation, poor parenting C. Early onset of sexually abusive behavior, male victims, multiple victims and poor social skills D. Previous criminality, psychopathy and use of death/ threats at time of index offence
A. Direct support for parents and early childhood education B. Interventions which take place between prenatal and primary school entry C. Direct support for parents D. Early education
A. Children rated most trouble some at an early age tend become the more persistent offenders B. Some research suggests that for 8- 25 years old most offending occurs at about 16- 17 years and tail of to a plateau C. Young offenders are rarely imprisoned for a single offence, rather for a number of … Read more
A. lower B. higher C. inferior D. similar
A. It may indicate higher level of sexual abuse B. It may indicate an increased awareness of the dangerous abuse C. It may reflect changes in the definition of some abuse (e.g to include more acts) producing an increase in the numbers D. It may indicate all of the above
A. prevalence; prevalence B. victim; criminal C. incidence; prevalence D. prevalence; incidence
A. The media B. Personal experience C. Crime statistics, research data such as that found on the internet D. All of the above
A. don’t know; don’t know; childhood B. know; don’t know; young adulthood C. don’t know; don’t know; adulthood D. know; know; young adulthood